Circuit breakers rated short circuit breaking capacity

In the civil design is mainly used for low-voltage circuit breaker overload, short circuit, over current, loss of voltage, grounding, leakage, dual power automatic switching and infrequent start  Electric energy meter, operation and other purposes, the choice of in addition to compliance with the principle of the use of low-voltage electrical equipment and other basic principles of Voltage stabilizer characteristics (see the distribution of industrial and civil design manual) still should be considered in addition the following conditions:
A) not less than the rated voltage of the circuit breaker rated voltage lines;
2) Rated current breaker with o mcb circuit breaker device is not less than the rated current of the line to calculate the current;
3) circuit breakers rated short-circuit breaking capacity not less than the maximum short-circuit current;
4) Select the type of distribution to be considered a short delay circuit breaker breaking capacity and delay protection interstage match;
5) breaker undervoltage release voltage rating equal to the rated line voltage;
6) When used for motor protection, then select the circuit breaker motor starting current to be considered at the starting time and make no action; design calculations see "industrial and civil Distribution Design Handbook";
7) breaker selection should also consider the breaker and circuit breakers, circuit breakers and fuses selective cooperation.

MCCB circuit switches for terminal distribution

Mainly for the terminal distribution, can be directly with a load. Does not exceed the maximum rated current of 1250A (Schneider has), in electri cenergy meter, the application does not exceed 630A. Function is electric meter simple, with the heat? Magnetic, electric - magnetic trip, undervoltage trip, fault trip, alarm and other functions, can bring a few air circuit breaker auxiliary contacts. Models from domestic to imported very much (including miniature circuit breaker).

AC contactor power operation

It is the principle of electromagnetic consisting of a multi-way switch. Internal coil is energized, the electromagnetic force and the normally open main contacts normally open auxiliary contact is closed, the main circuit and auxiliary control circuit is switched on. After loss of power in the coil, relying spring return, normally open contacts open.AC contactor breaking widely used as power and control circuits. It uses the main contact to open and close the circuit, with auxiliary contacts to execute control commands. Main contacts  mcb circuit breaker open three, four set of contacts, and often two pairs of auxiliary contacts with normally open and normally closed contacts function, small contacts are often used as intermediate relay with the main circuit is used.AC contactor contacts, the silver tungsten alloy with good electrical conductivity and high temperature ablative. AC contactor AC solenoid power comes from the action, the electromagnet consists of two "mountain" shape the young quartet built silicon, one fixed, put coils in the above, the operating voltage has a variety to choose from. To make magnetic stability, the core of the pull side, coupled with short-circuit loop. AC contactor in the loss of power, relying on spring return. The other half is the active core, structure and the fixed core to drive the main contacts and auxiliary contacts open short. More than 20 amps interrupter contacts plus a hood, disconnect the circuit using the electromagnetic force generated, quickly pull off the arc, to protect the contacts. AC contactor production as a whole, appearance and performance is improving, but the function remains unchanged. Whether and to what extent the development of technology, electri cenergy meterr still has its importance. 1, the contactor has many series and parallel electrical devices are single-phase load, and therefore, the multi-pole contactor used in parallel in several pole. Such as resistance furnaces, welding transformers. When used together with a few Voltage stabilizer, you can use a smaller capacity contactors. It must be noted, in parallel contactor Conventional thermal current is not exactly proportional to the number of poles in parallel. This is due to a positive dynamic and static contact loop resistance values ​​are not necessarily exactly equal, to cause a positive current is not flowing evenly. Therefore, two parallel current after analysis can be increased only 1.8 times, three-pole parallel, the current can be increased only 2 to 2.4 times. In addition, the need to point out, because in parallel to each pole contacts can not simultaneously turned on and off, therefore, can not improve the making and breaking capacity. Sometimes the contactor can be connected in series with several pole, the increase in the fracture as the contact arc can be split into a plurality of segments, the ability to improve the arc, the arc extinguished speed. So after a few pole series can improve its operating voltage, but can not exceed the rated insulation voltage contactors. After a series of contacts Conventional thermal current and rated current does not change.

Commonly used low-voltage electrical control generally classified

Using relays, contactors, push buttons, air switch, limit switch and other low-voltage electrical control circuit consisting called relay contactor control circuit. It is the most common form of control, has low Electric transformer is simple, practical, and easy maintenance features. Is widely used in low-voltage electrical power generation, transmission and distribution establishments and electrical mcb circuit breaker automatic control equipment. Its electricity production, transmission, distribution applications plays a conversion, control, protection and regulation. power transformers used low-voltage electrical control generally divided into two types of manual and automatic. Low-voltage electrical must manually by a human operator, such as knife switch, switch, buttons, etc., is not the so-called automatic low-voltage electrical directly by a human operator, but instead relies on the voltage, current, or other physical changes in mining changed their work status, such as contact , relays, limit switches.

Contactor to start and stop

Is a double coil structure, the power state, the control module is in the storage state, the start and stop of the contactor contacts as electri cenergy meter, when the "shake" occurs down to the contactor so that the voltage below the sustain voltage, control module initiated work to release the stored energy in the form of air circuit breaker contacts continue pull. When the supply voltage is restored, the control module and transferred to the storage state. Since the control module uses a Circuit breaker conversion components, making electrical contact resistance Akira volume and mounting structure to maintain the original features, in addition to the work that it does not rely on auxiliary power and auxiliary mechanical devices, so small size and high reliability.

Akira power supply circuit for controlling electrical effects

AC contactor low voltage motor control system is widely used, accounted for a large proportion. Because electromagnetic contactor works feature Akira power occurs when the grid will cause electromagnetic or short-time working coil contactor power or low voltage, resulting current is maintained by the pull dynamic and Electric energy meter suction less than release force of the spring, generates the contact trip down to release the important reasons. Electromagnetic AC circuit breakers characteristics: electric meter IEC standards, 80% of the rated voltage threshold reliable pull-in voltage. Threshold voltage of the rated working voltage release of 20-70%, the electromagnetic field use AC contactor are generally in the 50% of the nominal voltage release, so because of "shake" cause electromagnetic contactor uncontrolled nature trip downtime is caused by the principle

Relays and contactors in the circuit and role differences

Difference is essentially different from the loads, the large current capacity contactor, is a relay of small, there are differences between the primary circuit with a contactor, a relay control circuit. The electrical control circuit, the relay is a logical part of the operative part of the contactor, relay circuit design process in accordance with both the requirements pulsing the main contacts of the contactor is electric transformer, according to the circuit design process can be required to make the contactor remain the main contact to achieve if the measurement part likened to the human mcb circuit breaker the logical part is the muscle, and the contactor can be likened to the bone, they can control circuits together with the sub-switch. contactor is a use to control the motor starts and stops an electrical device, larger capacity, has a strong ability interrupter, belonging to one device. The relay is part of a relay device is a secondary device, Voltage stabilizer different combinations to achieve the primary equipment for control, protection, monitoring, and so on. There used to measure the current (voltage), impedance relay contact capacity and increasing for increasing the number of intermediate relay contact pair is used to obtain the necessary delay time relay, check for the same period in parallel or contemporaneous period reclosing air switch relay scientific name should be the circuit breaker can be used to cut off a larger current, short circuit occurs when the line can quickly trip protection devices, but not suitable for frequent operation. Contactor on the current strong cutting capacity without air switch, suitable for frequent operation, however.

Thermal relays, contactors, circuit working principle and the role of

Contactors and thermal relays are working and the motor starter circuit protection devices, their role is faulty motor or the load exceeds the rated load, the motor current exceeds the rated current, the thermal relay mcb circuit breaker, normally closed contact normally open , cut off the power supply to the motor contactor coil circuit, electric meter open, cutting off power to the motor, the protection of the motor, to avoid damage to the thermal relay is using Joule heat, any energized electric transformer Joule heat, the use of this principle, the control switch the closed off. Contactor is using thermal principle, can puncture the air and high-voltage electrical conductivity.

AC contactor operation power source

AC solenoids, Air circuit breaker two "mountain" shape the young quartet built silicon, one fixed, put coils in the above, the operating voltage has a variety to choose from. To make magnetic stability, the core of the pull side, coupled with short-circuit loop. AC contactor in the loss of power, relying on spring return. The other half is the active core, structure and the fixed core to drive mcb circuit breaker contacts and auxiliary contacts open short. More than 20 amps interrupter contacts plus a hood, disconnect the circuit using the electromagnetic force generated, quickly pull off the arc, to protect the contacts. AC contactor production as a whole, appearance and performance is improving, but the function remains unchanged. Whether and to what extent the development of electric meter, common AC contactor still has its importance. AC contactor breaking widely used as power and control circuits. AC contactors use the main contact to open and close the circuit, with auxiliary contacts to execute control commands. Generally only the main contacts normally open contacts, and often two pairs of auxiliary contacts with normally open and normally closed contacts function, small contacts are often used as intermediate relay with the main circuit.

Three-phase power and AC contactor

Is a three-phase AC power delivery of the form, referred to as three-phase power. Three-phase AC power, is composed of three same frequency, the same amplitude, the phase difference of 120 ° turn each Voltage stabilizer of AC potential supply. Three-phase alternating various purposes, most of the exchanges of industrial electrical equipment, such as motors are three-phase Circuit breaker current, which is often referred to a three-phase four-wire system. In daily life, more use of single-phase power, also known as power transformers. When lighting power supply, one of them with three-phase power supply relative electrical equipment, such as home appliances, and another one line is out of the fourth phase four-wire lines, which is one of the zero line, the zero line from the neutral point of the three-phase power leads.

Permanent magnet AC contactor works

Permanent magnet AC contactor does not work, dynamic and static contact is released, such as to attract the coil is energized, the core will produce a magnetic field, the contactor contacts from the release position to move quickly pull position, but also for
Moving contacts stored power transformers. Once arcing between contacts, electromagnetic gap becomes smaller, then the permanent force will surge, pull speed (Pick-up time is less than 20ms), thus greatly reducing the suction timely contact ablation, permanent force pull the contacts maintained after circuit breakers torque constant irrespective of network voltage fluctuations, even in the Pro dielectric voltage contacts also pull off action, the contact does not flutter. Contactor contact pull, the current control module will attract the coil current off, then the coil does not work, no power, the coil current is zero, no energy, no heat coils, of course, not burned, time rely entirely on the contacts maintained in permanent force pull the state. At the same time, smart electronic circuit control voltage Electric transformer to work, when the voltage detection module detects a control voltage is below a predetermined voltage value, the suction timely stored energy will pass to reverse current to the coil, so that moving iron between the core and the static core of the same polarity magnetic repulsive force, and with the release of the joint action of the spring permanent magnet AC contactor contact release, then release the energy of traditional electromagnetic contactor several times, the release rate electromagnetic contactor is 3 to 5 times (less than 18ms), effectively reducing the contact time between the release of arc burning time. When the control voltage is higher than a predetermined voltage value, even if the voltage fluctuations will not affect the dynamic and static holding force between the contacts, the contacts will not be the same tremor, completely avoid contact burned phenomenon.

Permanent magnet contactor Highlights

1, high reliability, pull high stability, independent of voltage fluctuations and external electromagnetic interference, always reliably pull to ensure the use of high reliability. 2, safe, long original contactor coil is energized to attract working coil heat, due to grid voltage fluctuations, contacts and coils are easily burned. If the product does not exist and the coil temperature rise of contact bounce electri cenergy meter, a fundamental solution to the problem of product safety, to protect the circuit in the high-value electrical equipment (such as high-power electric motor). 3, saving money, as the product is Circuit breaker life (under the same conditions is about ordinary AC contactor three to five times the life expectancy), while eliminating the hassle of frequent replacement and maintenance shutdowns losses. Original contactor own energy consumption, such as a CJ20-250A contactor annual energy consumption of 1,350 kWh, permanent contacts with the specifications of the annual consumption of 1 kWh of electricity, saving more than 99%. User magnet contactor 8 months or so, it can be recovered from air circuit breaker purchase cost of the contactor. 4, mute, the original work itself contactor noise, and with the longer, more noise. Low power consumption no noise contactor pull to keep (working) status, working status is mute, no noise. 5, long life, the original contactor main contacts by voltage fluctuations, could easily lead to bounce arcing, easy to burn, reduce the service life. Magnet contactor pressure between the main contacts is always constant, thus increasing the service life of 5-10 times contact. 6, strong anti-interference, the product has electromagnetic compatibility, resistant to lightning and strong magnetic field interference. Pine Peak electrical contacts in the production of conventional conditions depending on the site conditions, also produces various types of anti-shake electric AC contactor delay, off delay, falling delay intelligent, smart delay \ instantaneous trip release contactors; buck starter contactor, contactor pull delay and other products.

Anti-shake electrical contactor works

The control voltage suddenly drops to a non-normal operating voltage, the voltage signal is transmitted to the control circuit of the contactor magnet, the control system to analyze the signal immediately, is the need to delay or routine work. A delay, the contactor in the set delay time in a hold state, than the set delay time mcb circuit breaker disconnect the contactor. In the case of the normal operating voltage, the operation of the contactor magnet characteristics and the same characteristics as the conventional operation. Remedy: Pine Peak delay contactor permanent magnet instead of the traditional electromagnetic contactor. My company has permanent electric meter the control module to improve, increasing relevant logic analysis circuit, delay the release, the release time can be arbitrarily set according to requirements. For grid loss of pressure occurs (network voltage fluctuations within a certain range), our company can produce Circuit breaker low latency permanent contacts, voltage and time can be set according to need. For example: the rated voltage of the voltage drop to 40% or 25%, the delay 3S released. For the loss of electrical phenomena (voltage suddenly drops to zero), our company can produce customized magnet contactor off delay time can be set according to need.

Anti-shake applied electric AC Contactor Selection

1, the voltage drop type "shake" (voltage drops below a certain value): "shake" long duration (generally less than 2 seconds), the voltage drops below 70% of rated contactor tripping. At this time, the motor power decreases, the rotational speed starts to decrease, but the role of inertia, the speed does not drop significantly, the voltage is restored, the motor current through the punch after a mcb circuit breaker to a value, see a curved, In this case the motor power supply system should be maintained, that contacts should not trip, maintaining the continuity of the production will not be affected. If the "shake" the duration continues to increase, the motor speed quickly to the weary down direction. Therefore, the "shake" the contactor does not trip in less than two seconds better.2, the voltage loss type "shake" (voltage loss, the voltage drops to zero) "shake" of short duration, a large grid system, mcb circuit breaker, voltage drop and recovery curve shown in Figure two different systems, "Akira power "when the voltage waveform is also shown in Figure three different, in the" shake "voltage is restored, the motor current is increased from zero, and the impact of non-periodic component, and then quickly return to the operating values, see a curve, in which case The "shake", the motor current impact of non-periodic component very short time (less than 10 ms), so you can Electric energy meter the impact of the grid, the motor power is not breaking (contactor does not trip), so that the continuity of production is not affected.
 3, "shake" the voltage drops to zero, and the motor speed drops below 30% of rated voltage is restored, the motor current see a curve, then the non-periodic current component impact on the grid will have to consider the impact of Batch start taking manner, the impact on production is inevitable! We think: "shake" the grid voltage drops to 30%, the main circuit should remain on when the voltage is restored the original production status will remain the same! Also confirmed the fact that this solution is feasible. Based on the above we hope to have such a contactor: "shake" come without tripping, "shake" the duration of the motor speed significantly greater than the fall time, the contactor shall trip, start and stop should maintain contact is the original state unchanged! FS series "shake" without tripping contactors meet this requirement!

Transformers technical parameters

Different types of transformers have corresponding technical requirements, available appropriate  circuit breakers  parameter represents. If the power transformer Main technical parameters: Rated power,  Voltage stabilizer  and the voltage ratio, rated frequency, temperature level, temperature, voltage regulation, insulation and moisture  air circuit breaker . For the average frequency transformers main technical parameters are: transformer ratio, frequency, nonlinear distortion, magnetic shielding and electrostatic shielding efficiency.

Transformer

 The transformer is converting AC voltage, current and impedance of the device, when the primary coil with AC adapter schematic flow, the core (or cores) generates an alternating magnetic flux in it, so that the secondary coil induces a voltage (or current ). Transformer by a core (or cores) and coil assembly
A, two or more coil  air circuit breaker , which is called the primary winding connected to the power supply coil, called the secondary circuit breakers  of the other. In a generator,  Air circuit breaker of the coil moves through the magnetic field or a magnetic field moves through the stationary coil, can EMF induced in the coil, in both cases, the magnetic Pass values ​​unchanged, but the quantity of a magnetic flux intersecting the coil there is change, it is the principle of mutual induction. Transformer is an electromagnetic mutual inductance, transform voltage, current and impedance of the device.

The complex transformer voltage lockout overcurrent protection

Composite voltage actuation element is composed of a filtration-type negative-sequence voltage relay and a low-voltage relays. Low-voltage relay negative sequence  electric transformer through the normally closed contacts connected to phase voltage, in order to ensure symmetrical three-phase short-circuit protection device when operated reliably, and can improve the low-voltage relays for three-phase short-circuit sensitivity. Because in the beginning phase short circuit occurs  mcb circuit breaker  negative sequence voltage will be short, so that the negative sequence voltage relay certain action, pending the negative sequence voltage disappears, the negative sequence voltage relay returns, low voltage relay and circuit breakers  to the alternating voltage. Subject the low voltage relay returns require bus residual voltage transformer must be greater than the return voltage relay. Since the three-phase short-circuit, three-phase voltages are lower, so the low-voltage relay is still in the operating state, this time to protect the work of which is equivalent to low-voltage startup overcurrent protection.

Transformer differential protection trip after checking and processing

1 Check the transformer body without exception, check the differential protection within the scope of porcelain whether flashover, damage, leads for short. (2) If the transformer  mcb circuit breaker  protection device within no obvious fault, you should check relay and the secondary circuit is faulty, whether the DC circuit
There are two ground. 3 After electric transformer  the above without exception, should be removed immediately after the load test feeding time, and then try to send the trip, not sending. 4 relay or if it is due to the secondary circuit failure, the DC  circuit breakers  points caused malfunction, differential protection should be out of operation, the transformer power transmission Before dealing with the secondary circuit faults and DC ground. 5 Differential Protection and heavy gas protection while operating the transformer trips, without internal inspection and testing without the transformer into operation.

Transformer overload protection action processing

If the operation of the transformer overload exceeds the rated current indication may appear, active and reactive power meter indicates increases, or if the transformer "overload" signal "high temperature" signal and sound alarm signals. First, the duty officer found that the above anomalies or signal The following shall be principles: 1, restoring alarm, reporting squad, the value length and make records. 2, timely  mcb circuit breaker  of the transformer operation mode, if standby transformer should be immediately put. 3, to adjust the load distribution, load transfer in consultation with users. 4, such as Normal overload, overload  Electric energy meter be a multiple of the normal time allowed to determine, if more than time, you should  Circuit breaker  reduce the load; same time, to strengthen the monitoring of the temperature of the transformer must not exceed the allowable temperature. 5, in the case of an accident overload, the overload factor and the time allowed Room should be performed according to the manufacturer requirements. 6, transformers and conduct a comprehensive inspection of the system, if abnormal, should immediately report to the leadership and processed.

Transformer LTC device operation management

1, the newly installed or overhauled OLTC complete shock load operation after closing test, should be adjusted stall test, right before take-generation load.
2, on-load tap tap change air circuit breaker unit, command duty officer should be allowed to transfer within the scope.
3, when the tap change operation after the power supply phase sequence is correct undetermined  Electric energy meter in the limit position for electrical operation.
4 OLTC adjust the tap, the main transformer load current should not exceed the rated current adjustment gear 85%.
5, parallel  circuit breakers  of on-load tap changer, adjust the gear change should be alternating, not on a single transformer for two or more consecutive stalls transform counted once for each adjustment a file.
6, when the body or load tap tap oil, chromatographic analysis abnormal, pause tap-change operation.

Transformer running operation

Transformer parallel operation conditions:
1, the same connection group
2, the transformer ratio equal (allowable difference of 5%)
3, the short-circuit voltage equal to (allowable difference of 5%)
Or short-circuit air circuit breaker  transformation Circuit breaker of the transformer is not equal, will not at any side of the case of overload, the line can be tied.
Unequal transformer  mcb circuit breaker  impedance, may be appropriate to increase the high short-circuit impedance transformer secondary voltage, so that parallel operation of transformer capacity can be fully utilized.

Why should the impact of the new cast transformer 5 times

1, test transformer  mcb circuit breaker , mechanical strength to withstand the operating voltage and  circuit breakers  current impact.
2, testing whether the transformer differential protection can escape the impact of inrush current.

Tamper prepaid meters

With a variety of anti-theft features: either disguised or reversal are measured, can be properly measured.
Energy saving: starting current, no creeping, wide load, low power consumption, the error curve is  circuit breakers  long-running stability, beautiful appearance, small size, light weight, easy to install.
High accuracy: all-electronic design, built-in import dedicated chip, accuracy is not frequency, temperature, voltage, high harmonics.
Long life: using SMT  mcb circuit breaker , optimized circuit design, the whole circuit without adjustment after leaving the factory.
Low power consumption: the use of low-power design, reduce line loss.
Pre-charge; IC card to  Electric energy meter , data readback, including: readback total capacity, remaining capacity, the table of cumulative electricity purchased, the total purchase frequency information.
Storage table constant, the initial value, the user address, name and other information.
Overload alarm off, remaining battery alarm to alert users buy electricity.

Prepaid meter market prospects

Power system management department of the prepaid meter meter needs of diversified development trend, the following are some of the current power system management  electric transformer  use of the common needs of a variety of users are prepaid meter:
(A) suitability to solve mobility, there is a tendency arrears small power user / provider  electri cenergy meter phase prepaid meter.
(2) suitable for solving many peasant families irrigated using a multi-card-phase prepaid meter.
(3) suitable for use with  air circuit breaker and time periods required for the three-phase multi-rate prepaid meter.
(4) the implementation of appropriate policies inhabitants TOU prepaid single-phase multi-rate watt-hour meter
(5) suitable for general use by residents of the single-phase prepaid meter, etc.

IC card meter classification

Meter used according to the type of IC card is divided into: a memory card, logical encryption card, CPU card, three types. For the energy meter, IC card is to achieve electricity usage rights of the carrier, the electricity sector will purchase electricity user permissions (data) loaded in the IC card, IC card into the power user Table, the meter reads the data in the IC card through the electric load switching control right to the user. From the foregoing, the function of  circuit breakers  is achieved through the IC card, IC card in the power supply - electricity from the transmission of data between the role of the entire sale of electricity, electrical systems, strictly implement a Table and a card, the IC card, data  power transformers  is particularly important. Early use of the memory card with the purchase of electricity is the password data while writing on the card, the encryption algorithm is relatively simple and easy to be cracked, and the meter is fixed encryption algorithm, password once broken, the meter are the same unit of production Public, is not conducive to the management of the electricity sector. Electric energy meter  card has two encryption methods, the card has a password, card data is encrypted and can not continuously operate the card the wrong password three times. Encryption of data on the card may set their own electricity sector, security of data on the card , Confidentiality has been enhanced. CPU card encryption algorithm is very complex, tables, card password is randomly generated, the exchange of data needed tables, card, mutual authentication, not a fixed value, while the meter password control in the hands of power supply bureau, to solve the above two categories card table due to the production Product manufacturers can not disclose their password and the same power supply bureau can not sell electricity interconnection problems, so that manufacturers and suppliers to use separate, help to promote the application of the product.

Prepaid meter main function

Users can pre-order for electricity, preset maximum load, alarm power, tariff setting and adjustment,  electric meter operators,  Circuit breaker , total electricity consumption, remaining capacity, stealing time and other settings or monitor a variety of  circuit breakers , ease of use power management reduces meter reading staff to prevent and combat stealing behavior, improve the management level of modernization. For indoor use instruments. Suitable environmental temperature -10 - +55 ℃, relative humidity less than 85%.

Prepaid meters principles and common sense

 Common prepaid meters are electronic meter based on the increased micro-computer processing unit and a storage unit and the control power devices constituted. Must be stored in the meter  mcb circuit breaker  a certain amount of electricity or electricity, while electricity meter when measured value is deducted from the remaining  electri cenergy meter use of electricity or the amount, if the buckle is finished off, in order to ensure the normal use of electricity must be stored again before the power meter and added to the residual value.
Or the amount of stored energy must pass vending system administration pre taffs charged to users only after stored to the user. Stored information fed through a certain way in order to use the meter. Commonly stored in two ways, one for the code type, one for writing cassette.
Code type  circuit breakers , user information and management system will combine the power purchase information to generate a set of encrypted code, and handed over to the user's own input into the meter, the meter is properly decrypted been stored or the amount of electricity and save.
Write a cassette is write-only pre-charge or the amount of electronic cards (memory), the electronic card to the user holds on to the corresponding meter communicates automatically feed the meter pre-order value.

Ladder-type reference standard prepayment meter

GB / T 17215.321-2008 "AC measuring equipment - Specific requirements - Part 21: Static meters for active energy meter."
GB / T 18460.3-2001 "IC card  electric transformer  vending system Part 3: Pre-paid meter."
DL / T 645-1997 / DL / T 645-2007 " electric meter  energy meter communication protocol"
National Development and Reform Commission, "on the residential electricity price ladder guidance"

Ladder-type pre-paid electricity meter uses

Energy Measurement:  mcb circuit breaker  single phase active energy.
Pre-paid functions: local pre-paid, you can step directly on the meter metering, chargeback.
Remote meter reading: a power line carrier, RS-485, wireless and other communications electric transformer , communication protocols meet DL/T645
Alarm function: When the remaining  circuit breakers is insufficient, via the display, e-mail, SMS and other means to inform the user
Overdraft feature: allows you to set overdraft consumption, when more than overdraft threshold, the meter off, recharge automatically deduct the amount of overdraft

Single-phase prepaid meter centralized control system

Meter, has been the primary means of power management, in general, meter management from manual meter reading, to the IC card, automated management of the transition. In the era of the traditional manual meter reading, the power sector for the ordinary user to install the meter measured at a fixed period of time by the administrator  air circuit breaker and billing. This way of working requires management personnel, workload; advantage of measuring instruments, low cost, easy to use payment methods accepted by the user, the basic user does not exist the problem of energy is cut off. With public affairs awareness of customer service and consumer Electric energy meter for their own time and convenience requirements increase, the application of smart meters put on the management agenda. Single-phase electronic prepayment meter card purchase must be entered by the user fees in the table, the meter can be powered, a table and a card, the card and do not generic, the card automatically after use electricity wind up power, must be  circuit breakers  with the card electrical and enter the table to continue electricity. Thereby effectively solve the difficult problem of tariff collection. Meanwhile, the user's purchase of electricity implementation of computer information management, to facilitate inquiries, statistics, charges and print bills.

Electronic single-phase prepaid meter usage

1, the user holds the card to purchase the electricity sector in the region dedicated microcomputer purchase, the sale of the motor will write encrypted information and purchase of electricity power purchase cards.
2, the purchase of electricity, the user will purchase cards (purchase card color printing side  Electric transformer direction of the arrow) to insert your own energy meter IC card slot seconds (inserted in the end), purchased power readout after pulling the purchase card (LED display purchased electricity), while electricity  Air circuit breaker  meter written in the user purchase card. Success Show "□", and then displays the remaining power, otherwise the meter display error display "E". When the user re-purchase, the write-back data management  electri cenergy meter  read, for power management.
3, for the sale of electricity, power management departments to provide clear card, cut the card electric card and other special features. This class is usually of limited use cards.
4, is strictly prohibited to use the card into the wet table.

Electronic single-phase prepaid meter transport storage

1 meter transport and unpacking should not be severe shocks, should be based on GB/T15464-1995 " electric meter Instrument Package  mcb circuit breaker  conditions" for the transport and storage.
2, save energy meter  Circuit breaker  be in the original packaging, preservation of local ambient temperature is -25 ℃ ~ 70 ℃, relative humidity should not exceed 80%, non-corrosive gases in the air; energy meter in the library preservation, should be placed on bench , stack height does not exceed 5 layers

Electronic single-phase prepaid meter installation

1 meter at the factory inspection, plus seals, you can install and use;
2, the power meter should be  Circuit breaker  in the indoor or outdoor electric meter box to use, install the table plate should be fixed on a solid wall of fire, recommended  electric meter height of 1.8 meters, air, non-corrosive gases;
3 meter terminal knob should be in accordance with the wiring diagram on the box, preferably with copper or copper lugs access;
4 meter LED display of electrical energy unit kWh;

Prepayment meter LED display

Prepayment meter LED display with a countdown manner, decreasing the minimum display unit is 0.1kWh. When the remaining
When power is 0 kWh electricity once the user inserts the card can be continued after electricity  mcb circuit breaker . Diminishing negative digital display to alert the user to enter a new share power. When a negative value reaches a certain value (can be set to the factory, usually-10kWh) will automatically power off after  circuit breakers a new mcb circuit breaker  of electricity to restore power. When the remaining battery capacity is less than the alarm value, the remaining battery display flashes. Prepayment meter LED display

Electronic single-phase prepaid meter works

Meter consists of two  electric meter  modules: one is the energy measurement unit, using large-scale ASIC will be converted into the amount of current and voltage proportional to the active energy pulse, to achieve energy metering; Second, the data air circuit breaker unit, using special chip micro-processor, complete

Energy measurement, data processing, card reader display, load control and other functions.

Electronic single-phase prepayment meter Main functions and features

1, the standard IC card hardware encryption advance fee, the electricity sector in order to sell electricity purchase card (IC card) way to sell electricity electricity in advance, users buy after the first use.
2, set completely digital metering, power display, prepaid control, card readers, smart anti-theft and other functions integrated, with high reliability.
3, over-load protection. Load exceeds the set maximum current 20-30% continuous period of time, cut off the power supply circuit. Automatic delay time meter will automatically switch on.
4, power IC card via multiple encryption hardware and software, fully ensure data security,  air circuit breaker . Specially designed,
Electricity users are recorded on the IC card when the card's remaining power meter and cumulative power and whether there stealing behavior.
5, perfect bayonet protection circuit, which can effectively prevent various malicious attacks on the behavior of the bayonet.
6 shows the remaining power, the digit is five.
7, the remaining battery charge reaches the pre-alarm, LED flashing display remaining power to prompt the user must enter a new share power.
8, when the remaining Electric energy meter meter is zero, the power meter automatically trip, uninterrupted power supply, this time, the user must purchase card holders to purchase electricity sales sector (electricity sector can have overdraft power settings, insert the card after the purchase of electricity users You can use a certain threshold energy), with the purchase of electricity with an effective

Electric card is inserted table only after the normal power supply.
9, owed ​​auto power consumption reaches a certain value, enter the new purchase of electricity (net of overdraft charge) automatically after power is restored.
10, magnetic latching relay applications, while improving operational reliability of power outages, reducing the power consumption after operation, but also to overcome the large  Voltage stabilizer  long hours relay contacts adhesions glass wool
11, power failure, automatically save data, calls automatically restore the data.
12, computer and dedicated IC card reader + fees management software constitute the sale of electricity management system.
13, on the comparative analysis of the recorded information, the management system can list users suspected of stealing behavior in order to focus on examination, to reduce defense, check stealing behavior workload. Electronic single-phase prepayment meter Main functions and features