Correctly distinguish inrush and internal fault has been the focus of transformer protection

Power transformer is extremely important power system equipment, transformer differential protection is the main protection. Load switching or external short circuit fault clearing voltage generated when a  power transformers  current recovery, the size of a few comparable internal fault currents. Can correctly distinguish inrush and  air circuit breaker  transformer protection has been the focus of a variety of magnetizing inrush current  Electric energy meter  method largely based on Kirchhoff's law, there is in principle a defect; several differential protection new theories, new technology also needs to be further improved in practice. With the increasing size of the power system, load tap more extensive application, which also produced a lot of problems related to.

Transformer inductive element showing the characteristics of

The capacitive power transformer ( referred CPT) made ​​a more detailed basic principles discussed in this paper on the basis of Intro -phase low-loss energy capacitive capacitive winding power transformers on the structure of the form of the third winding three-phase capacitive winding wiring, through no circuit tap on the regulation of  air circuit breaker  and other technical characteristics , and gives the basis of the power transformer design method on the CPT . main technical characteristics of the transformer core and by the the initial set on the core , secondary coil .  Circuit breaker  windings are wound copper wire . around the system determines whether it is primary or secondary , are the essence of an actual coil, the windings through the core is formed between the inductive coupling ,  Voltage stabilizer  is showing characteristics of the components , the power factor is of hysteresis . considering the many users of the power system for the induction motor , but also the inductive load , the power factor is lag , therefore, in order to improve the electricity network runtime power factor , the current practice is widely used in parallel electrical capacitor compensation , in order to reduce its lag phase , but there is a shunt power capacitors should not be ignored .

Fault tree diagnosis method is also known as fault tree analysis

Modern thermal power to keep the high-parameter, high-capacity, automated direction , while greatly improved plant efficiency , reduce costs , has brought huge economic benefits. On the other hand , once the equipment failure caused the loss will become Kazunari hundredfold  Voltage stabilizer  costs and time to grow exponentially. Thus, higher demands on equipment reliability , while eager to have a scientific and rational diagnostic theory and technology, the operational status of equipment for fast , accurate diagnosis , in order to ensure that the unit is not an accident, or if accident, to limit to a minimum . Fault tree  air circuit breaker  is also known as fault tree analysis method, is a failure of the system to the reasons for the formation by the general assembly by dendritic  mcb circuit breaker  refine methods of analysis. Fault tree diagnosis was " seeking the fruit because of" deductive analysis method was based on the failure to seek the cause of the process. The thesis of boiler fault diagnosis fault tree principle achievements of qualitative and quantitative methods, and rules . And according to Daqing Petrochemical Company Thermal Power Plant One boiler structure and technical characteristics of the boiler flue gas temperature is high , low, ash combustibles too large, such as boiler flue gas deflection establish fault and fault tree analysis.

Power Transformer Fault Diagnosis System

Power transformer complex structure, its failure in the form of complex. Traditional power transformer fault diagnosis method is offline transformer electrical test , this method is difficult to real-time fault detection and may cause excessive maintenance ; Another method is based on the analysis of dissolved gases in oil fault diagnosis method for the detection of faults is very valid, but can not locate the fault . Therefore, this research and the development of  mcb circuit breaker  fault diagnosis system . The main results paper : This paper presents fault tree-based support vector machine classifier design . First, the tree-based fault classifier used in the inverter fault diagnosis in the establishment phase inverter model and get 66 fault waveform using wavelet  electric transformer  singular value decomposition method to extract fault waveform characteristic value , and then use tree-based support vector machine waveform classification , the experimental results show that the tree-based support vector machines for  circuit breakers  timing sequence of more than 95% ; article will be based on fault tree support vector machine classifiers applied to the power transformer fault diagnosis the classifier can achieve the properties of the 10 transformer fault classification results show that the classification accuracy rate of 90 % or more.

Establish a complete system of electrochemical biosensor for the target

Biosensor application areas include medical testing, environmental monitoring, food safety and defense applications. This thesis is to create a complete electrochemical biosensor research system as the goal, making this system includes an electrode, the electrode modification and  electric meter  molecules fixed, electrochemical  Voltage stabilizer  methods to establish and develop miniaturized instrumentation, involving electrochemical biosensor implementation mechanism and application  air circuit breaker  of both studies, the specific states: I. Preparation of the biosensor electrode. By manual screen printing process to produce sheet type carbon electrode, as the majority of research work based on the biosensor electrode.

Multifunction key technology research Bolter Bolter is a new functional and structural design

The hydraulic impact rotary drilling and other characteristics, the subject has become a national infrastructure development are urgently needed. In response to this situation,  power transformers  of new full hydraulic multi-bolt rig, this thesis is derived from the subject of the research project, I was responsible for one of the research projects. Multifunctional  Voltage stabilizer  is the key technology features new Bolter and structural design, the whole machine's hydraulic system design and impact rotary drilling of oil in the hydraulic system simulation.

Open current zero crossing, which can effectively reduce the over-voltage and surge current impulses

Low-voltage contactors are the most widely used one of the electrical equipment , but the existing electrical contacts , the average life expectancy is only its mechanical life of 1 /10 to 1 /20. In the electricity sector, power switching capacitor contactor normally have to bear the huge inrush current and over- voltage shock , causing it  circuit breakers  to damage. Open / close as selected by the voltage / current zero crossing , which can effectively reduce the over-voltage and surge current shock , and extend the life of the electrical contacts , improve  electric transformer  and power quality , especially for power capacitors, motors and other conditions , if the split-phase adaptive control can effectively avoid the transient overvoltage and surge . Split-phase adaptive control of the basic concepts of adaptive control of the basic split-phase voltage zero crossing points are closed , current zero when disconnected. Its core is the use of  Voltage stabilizer  fast sampling , analysis and calculation and data storage advantages , give full consideration to a variety of mechanical switches to accept instructions from the actuator ( energized ) the action is completed ( contact closure or vice versa ) of the time, so contactor contacts are voltage zero crossing is closed off at current zero , to avoid transient over- voltage and surge current pair of contacts hazards , reducing contact wear.

Fault current protection function, can effectively reduce the scope of the accident

Pole circuit breakers for distribution lines exports segmented trunk, branch control such as the role of the switch, the current type SF6 circuit breakers and vacuum circuit breakers have two kinds. With the rapid development of power construction, pole circuit breaker has been widely used in the power system, it is easy to operate,  mcb circuit breaker  the operation of the distribution network flexibility, because of its fault current protection function, can effectively reduce the scope of the accident, shorten the search time of the accident, accident repair speed increase for reliable power supply to provide a strong guarantee. But in recent years, with the power of knowledge and electrically  Voltage stabilizer  popularity, many non-professionals (mainly distribution networks) have mastered the method of operation of the circuit breaker pole. For their own interests, often without the knowledge of the electricity sector, privately points on  electric transformer  operation, the power sector to the normal maintenance and repair work to bring great security risk. There are some criminals pole breaker operation is completed after stealing electrical equipment, causing great losses to the electricity sector. To solve the problem, we specialize in this phenomenon were summarized and analyzed, and fundamentally to be addressed.

Remote communications, such as one segment or automatic reclosers for the realization of true outdoor unattended substation provides an ideal product

High voltage vacuum circuit breaker has not due to blasting, low noise, small size, high reliability and suitability of the advantages of frequent operation is widely used. Hubei mcb circuit breaker ZW14A-12 type outdoor vacuum circuit breaker with RDCU series controller combination, form a set of computer protection, network  electric meter , CNC measurement, data logging, remote communications, such as one segment or automatic  Air circuit breaker  outdoors unattended substation provides an ideal product. Beijing Switch Factory developed ZW861-12 type column vacuum circuit breaker with C20E Intelligent Control protectors and outdoor PT combined.

As a suburban or rural substation overhead line switching control and protection

Easy to install and operate the pole circuit breaker. Mainly for urban overhead distribution lines segmented interval switching control and protection. Suburban or rural areas can also be used as an overhead line substation control and protection switching.  Voltage stabilizer  to oil-immersed  electric meter  breaking ability, oil inflammable, causing secondary disasters tend to be eliminated. After the 1980s, the use of SF6  power transformers  device with excellent performance, since the 1990s, began to adopt further operating power, long life of the vacuum interrupter. Typical pole breaker main technical parameters: Rated voltage 12kV, rated current 400,630 A, rated breaking current 6.3.

Generator Circuit Breaker If you choose incorrectly, the circuit breaker will cause serious harm

Of the problem with the continuous development of science and technology and people's safety awareness generation equipment continues to improve, the generator breaker dedicated selection and use more and more cause for concern and attention, especially for large and very large  Electric energy meter  machinery exports particular attention to the choice of the circuit breaker . If you choose incorrectly generator circuit breakers , circuit breaker itself even be connected to the generator generators and other electrical equipment circuit causing serious harm and  mcb circuit breaker  losses, such as the explosion occurred breakers , generators burned, excitation transformer and plant with variable burned and other serious accidents , and will magnify the accident . For small hydro , the past mostly use an ordinary type of oil circuit breaker , vacuum circuit breakers , SF6  Voltage stabilizer . , especially in recent years , the choice of more and more common vacuum circuit breaker , such a choice is not comply with GB GB/T14 82 4-93 " generator breaker general technical conditions" and industry standards DL42 7-91 " indoor type GCB ordering technology " requirement, does not conform to international common standards However, the parties have failed to pay sufficient attention to this cause .

Hosted within the specified time, closing and breaking currents under abnormal

Can carry, closing and breaking the normal operation of the line currents can also be carried within the stipulated time, closing and breaking currents under abnormal (such as short-circuit current) switching equipment, power system protection and operation of the major electrical devices. Circuit-breaker many different types, but  power transformers  circuit are electrically conductive, insulating support member, and the interrupter  electric meter  composed of several parts. Basic structure include: ① a conductive main circuit, through the movable contact,  Voltage stabilizer  of the contacts on the circuit implementation and isolation; ② interrupter, the circuit breaking arc generated during the sealed chamber under a high pressure in rapidly within tens of milliseconds off, cut off the circuit;

Disk drive and a floppy disk drive can be divided into hard disk drive

Read and write data on the disk of the device. Disk drive is a head, electrical, mechanical means and the write circuit, etc., which is an important part of the disk file. Since the  electric transformer  and hard of points, so the disk drive and the floppy disk drive is divided into hard disk drive. The microcomputer system, the floppy disk drive with a floppy disk can be separated, the drive permanently  power transformers  the computer chassis,  Air circuit breaker  and write data information is re-inserted into the floppy disk; the hard disk drive of the same hard disk together with the seal in a metal box and fixed on the computer chassis.

In order to evaluate the use of high-temperature logging instrument reservoir, the demand for high-temperature circuit has been very urgent

Equipped with the first commercial application of the micro-circuit logging prototype able to 527 "F temperature. Conventional logging tools because of their electronic circuit conditions at  power transformers above 356OF can not work reliably, so the temperature of up to 52" F when the use of these instruments will be greatly limited. In order to evaluate the use of high-temperature logging instrument reservoir, the demand for high-temperature circuit has been very urgent. Reliable air circuit breaker  reservoir lithology and fluid properties, in order to determine the geothermal potential production of oil and gas reservoirs in the final. Logging can also simulate reservoir, design completion programs and production  electri cenergy meter  of groundwater temperature and chemical contamination, such as providing the necessary information. This new electronic apparatus using a thick film circuit, this circuit is to special printing film resistors, conductors and dielectric inks printed on the alumina layer and made of. After one thousand ink drying, the semiconductor increases, the circuit will be sealed.

Microcircuits more susceptible East Koshigaya electromagnetic pulse damage

As microcircuits more susceptible East Koshigaya electromagnetic pulse damage, the military authorities are implementing a unified cI protection standards. Officials from the Department of Defense has been recognized in the early 1960s to the factory MP effect - a potentially devastating nuclear explosions product. In the 1980s, the Defense Department to develop a command, control, communication and intelligent  power transformers  EMP protection guidelines. Recently, the Department of Defense and the military departments to further improve instruction more rigorous, more uniform standards to increase the deterrent against EMP. One located in Kete Lan Air Force Base (NM) of the * resuie EMP M device emulator is the largest and most  electri cenergy meter . Shown preparing Bu Wei bomber * MP shielding tests. The entire structure from the ground about 12 storeys high, all from the head and fiberglass. Both aircraft were tested subject to 5 million volts occur alum stretched pulse generator simulation field effect. The pulse generator to the test bench energy is applied around the antenna. Detonated a nuclear device, will be released in two areas powerful electromagnetic energy. In the source region (closest to the explosion point) record field strength up to 100by plus.

Major record microcircuits working condition inherent thermal radiation

Currently mass-produced by electronic equipment components based hybrid circuit , integrated microcircuits and multi-layer printed circuit board so requires improved testing methods miniature . Due to the current in the development and production of microcircuits used in quality inspection method is not able to find some defects , especially some internal injury . Therefore, the hope of a new approach that primarily records microcircuits working condition inherent thermal radiation. Current  Voltage stabilizer  of a thermal imaging device an infrared scanning microscope activity model to test stick together , integrated microcircuits and  Circuit breaker  circuit board . Its main components are: the optical head on the table with the coordinates of the object to study units, the control section ,  circuit breakers  section , the power console , auto body parts and electrical code conversion , with power and temperature control part of the standard radiator . Hope satin commission by two spherical child training , punctuality decision bajia mounted lens composition of the work , its spectral range of 3 ~ G micron , magnification day twenty-one 10 times and a numerical aperture of 0.6 . Used by the receiver to 77OK indium antimonide infrared detectors , sensitive area of ​​75 x75 microns. The input window of the detector 5 is a mechanical chopper M, given the target of the infrared radiation flux fixed modulation frequency.

Biotechnology to develop the sensor, there biosensor

Sensor is an information detection, transmission devices, mainly by the sensor, transducer, testing and other components by its access to information and the transmission of information, coupled with the computer work, the outcome _ Previously, sensors sensitive materials is done by _ composed of electronic components present, the sensor to develop biotechnology, there biosensor organisms or materials  mcb circuit breaker  with the corresponding physical, chemical sensing device combination, they formed a biosensor in the late 1960s, American Scientist first, the successful development of glucose oxidase and measured oxygen  air circuit breaker  of the first bio-sensors that identify the components in order to make the enzyme, known as circuit breakers in vivo. every moment in the event of complex biochemical reactions, which have a close relationship with the enzyme enzyme, a specific protein, the catalytic role in vivo, and that each enzyme has a specific role of the object enzyme called "specificity" _ this specificity for the analysis of complex organic compounds created the preconditions.

As an important branch of biosensors, electrochemical biosensor has some significant advantages

Biosensor is an emerging discipline bioelectronics research areas is a matter of biology, chemistry, materials, physics, medicine, and nanotechnology, microelectronics, information technology and other technology, including multi-disciplinary  power transformers  areas. Whether the mechanism of biological electron systems research, or development of practical  mcb circuit breaker , biosensors have inspired widespread national researchers and lasting interest. As an important branch of biosensors,  Voltage stabilizer  biosensor has some significant advantages, such as direct access to biological molecule itself or the electronic behavior of the reaction system, easy and electronic technology combined with the development of small analysis and detection system, which showed a more predictable application prospects.

The introduction of nano-technology, research and development of biological sensors to a more advanced stage, the performance is greatly improved in terms of performance

Biosensor is a typical multidisciplinary product is to analyze the important areas of biotechnology , after 30 years of development, has become a matter of wide-ranging, multi-disciplinary and cross- intervention , full of innovation and dynamic field . Electrochemical biosensor research content is very rich, has been in a leading position in biosensors to obtain a large number of research results, and has been widely applied. The introduction of nano-technology , research and development of  mcb circuit breaker  to a more advanced stage , and in the performance greatly improved. Nanomaterials effect brought large surface area , good chemical stability and biocompatibility , high adsorption capacity and other characteristics can  power transformers  the biological sensing element of the fixed and signal amplification. In this thesis, starting from the assembly of ordered nano system , using the template method and the Seed Law , building excellent new  electri cenergy meter interface , in order to improve the efficiency of biological molecules fixed , orderly orientation and maintain good biological activity , while providing good electron transfer . Biosensor developed simple preparation method has excellent performance, good reliability , the advantages of easy regeneration .

Different support engineering should choose different types of bolt rig

Bolting Roof Bolter is the key equipment of construction, affecting their quality support and supporting the pace. Different support engineering should choose different types of bolt rig, bolt rig currently made ​​form of a single, mostly split, torque is small, the body bulky and inconvenient, and foreign imports, although Roofbolter  power transformers  and performance , but the price is expensive. With electric hydraulic technology in the field of  Voltage stabilizer  machinery applications, research a new multi-purpose hydraulic bolt rig, able to adapt to a variety of geotechnical engineering construction needs anchoring, with full hydraulic crawler, high torque.